Diagnosis… Lymphocytosis in Adults 28 Sep 201728 Sep 2017 Normal Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Lymphocytes are small leucocytes with a round nucleus and a thin rim of cytoplasm. About 10% of the peripheral lymphocytes are large, have a more abundant…
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia… Evaluation of Splenomegaly 17 May 201717 May 2017 The spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ that lies in intraperitoneally in the left hypochondrium, abuting the diaphragm. It spans from the 9th to 11th rib and weighs between 150-200g. Spleen…
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia… The BCR-ABL1 Gene 27 Sep 20153 Dec 2015 BCR-ABL1 is a fusion gene formed as a result of the t(9;22)(q34;q11) chromosomal translocation, the translocation that results in the formation of the Philadelphia chromosome. The Abelson murine leukaemia viral…
Bendamustine… Bendamustine 1 Aug 2014 Bendamustine is a mechlorethamine derivative synthesised by Ozegowski and Krebs from the former East Germany in 1963. The molecule has three parts, The alkylator mechloethamine, Benzimidazole ring that mimics purines…
Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia… Hydroxyurea – Drug Information 15 Jul 201415 Jul 2014 Hydroxyurea was synthesised in Germany in 1860 and was found inhibit granulocyte production. It was only a hundred years after this that its potential as an anticancer drug was realized.…
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia… Hyperleukocytosis and Leukostasis 10 Jul 20146 Sep 2017 Leukostasis is a oncological emergency seen in patients with leukaemia who present with pronounced leucocytosis. It is seen in about 5-30% of adult acute leukaemia cases. It results from slugging of microcirculation…
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia… Leukaemia – The Peripheral Smear 10 Jul 2014 Differentiating Acute and Chronic Leukaemia Leucocytosis with anaemia is a feature of acute and chronic leukaemia. It is possible to differentiate acute and chronic leukaemia by looking at the peripheral…
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia… Osteonecrosis in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) 10 Nov 2013 Corticosteroids are an important component of treatment of childhood ALL. The use of corticosteroids ahs been associated with osteonecrosis. The estimates of osteonecrosis have varied from 7.4%-44%. About 25% of…
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia… Dasatinib 26 Jul 2013 Dasatinib is a thiazole carboxamide oral multikinase inhibitor that inhibits BCR-ABL and SRC kinases that is used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia and BCR-ABL positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.…
Leukaemia… Gingival Hypertrophy in Leukaemia 15 May 201213 Jun 2012 A 21 year old male presented with fever, weakness and petechiae. The haemogram showed a haemoglobin of 7.2g/dL, WBC count of 21.3 × 109/L and platelets of 23 × 109/L. Peripheral smear…
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