Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia… Evaluation of Splenomegaly 17 May 201717 May 2017 The spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ that lies in intraperitoneally in the left hypochondrium, abuting the diaphragm. It spans from the 9th to 11th rib and weighs between 150-200g. Spleen…
Anemia… Clinical Features of Megaloblastic Anaemia 2 Jul 20162 Jul 2016 Megaloblastic anaemia is a macrocytic anaemia resulting from the deficiency of vitamin B12 or folic acid characterised by the presence of megaloblasts in the bone marrow. It has haematological and neurological…
Anemia… Evaluating Anaemia 28 Sep 201228 May 2016 Anaemia is not disease but a manifestation of an underlying disease. The list of diseases causing anaemia is exhaustive. The list includes disease as innocuous as a nutritional iron deficiency…
Bone Marrow Examination… Megaloblasts 25 Jul 20123 Jan 2015 Development of erythrocytes involves coordinated changes in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of erythroid processors (see Morphology of Erythroid Precursors) . The proerythroblast is a large cell with a fine…
Anemia… Diagnosis of Haemolytic Anaemia 23 Nov 201130 Aug 2013 Haemolysis is decreased erythrocytes lifespan (normal about 100-120 days). The bone marrow responds to haemolysis by increasing erythrocyte production. Anaemia occurs only when the erythrocyte life span is reduced to…
Anemia… The Reticulocyte Count 10 Oct 201110 Jun 2016 Anaemia induces production of erythropoietin which promotes differentiation of the hemopoietic stem cell along the erythroid lineage. With maturation, the erythroid precursors shrink in size, loose nucleus and haemoglobinize (see…
Haemoglobin… Haemoglobin Catabolism 30 Aug 20114 Sep 2011 Haemoglobin is made up of heme, an iron containing porphyrin and globin, a protein. Normally the erythrocyte lives about 120 days. Ageing or damaged erythrocytes are destroyed by the macrophages…
Anemia… Neutrophil Segmentation and Projections 18 May 20118 Jul 2012 The neutrophil nucleus is segmented. The nucleus of the most immature neutrophil, band neutrophil lacks segmentation. It differs from a metamyelocyte in that the concave and convex surfaces of the…
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